University Diamond - Architect of World Peace U Thant (1)

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1. A good Burmese son for the future world

If I were to point to a person who is actively working for world peace in the modern era, I would first point to the Secretary-General of the United Nations, Wunna Kyaw Htin, Thiripyanchi, Sithu, Maha Sri Sithu and U Thant, who holds the degrees of Doctor of Philosophy and Doctor of Philosophy.

U Thant is a native of Pantanaw, Maubin District, Delta Region. U Thant's parents are U Boe Nin and Daw Nan Thaung, a machine-owner and landowner.

Pantanaw is an important town in Maubin District. Pantanaw Township covers an area of ​​483 square miles. Pantanaw is located at the confluence of the Pantanaw River, a tributary of the Ayeyarwady River, and the Bodhi River, another tributary. The town is surrounded by numerous streams and lakes, and Pantanaw is often subject to flooding during the rainy season.

In the summer, the Pantanaw River often dries up, making it difficult for large ships to enter. As a result, buying and selling in Pantanaw town is no longer as prosperous as it used to be, and has gradually declined.

The population of Pantanaw Township as a whole was (125,101) according to the 1956 census, of which one-third were Karen. The population of Pantanaw Township itself was (4,687) according to the 1953 census.

Pantanaw is 29 miles from Danuphu and 66 miles from Hinthada by road. Pantanaw can only be reached by water from Nyaungdon and Maubin.

The main products of Pantanaw Township are rice, fish paste, dried fish, and freshwater products such as fish paste and dried fish. In Myanmar, the main areas of fish paste production, such as Danuphu and Hinthada, are Pantanaw Township. Because of the abundance of tributary lakes, Pantanaw Township is also known as the township that produces the most aquatic products.

When we look into why Pantanaw was given that name, we find two answers.

In Mon, Pantanaw means a city located on the other side of the river mouth. Panawa, Tanaw, and other places on the Irrawaddy River. - Pantanaw is home to Shwe Myin Tin Pagoda, built by the Mon princess Ummadanti in the Pathein Chronicles, and is one of the most powerful pagodas in the entire Maubin district. Once, Princess Ummadanti was tired of running away from the princes and the flowers she had gathered fell on the pagoda, so it is called “Pankanaw” pagoda. Some scholars have suggested that the city was named Pankanaw after Pankanaw, and that it was called Pantanaw over time. The Pantanaw Shwe Myin Tin Pagoda Festival is usually held on the full moon day of Tabaung.

A historical record records the history of the pagoda in this way. In the 10th century, the Ceylonese prince “Kosana KO SA NA” came by ship to marry Princess Ummadanti, who was famous for being very beautiful in the Pathein district. When he arrived in Burma, it was learned that Princess Ummadanti had already married Prince NA GA YI. Therefore, the Ceylonese prince returned to Ceylon with the gold, silver, stone, and ruby ​​​​jewels he brought and placed them in the Shwe Myin Tin Pagoda. It is said that Princess Ummadanti continued to decorate the Shwe Myin Tin Pagoda.

The aforementioned U Boe Nga and Daw Nan Thaung, landowners and owners of a rice mill in the western part of Pantanaw, gave birth to Maung Thant, who would later become the world's first great monk, on Friday, January 22, 1909, the 2nd day of the first lunar month of the Tapotwe month, 1270, Myanmar calendar.

University Diamond World Peace Architect U Thant 1

U Thant's grandfather, U Boe Nga, had studied in Calcutta, India, when he was young. U Boe Nga's grandfather, U Shwe Sin, had a younger brother, U Shwe Khin, who was the richest landowner in Pantanaw. U Shwe Khin sent his nephew, U Boe Nga, to Hunter College in Calcutta, where he studied until he passed the FA examination, which was the equivalent of the Matriculation Examination at that time. The examination

He returned to Burma and served as a clerk in the Meiktila Affairs Office. U Boe returned from India.

At that time, he was 22 years old. U Bo Nga was working as a clerk in the Meiktila Administrative Office when his uncle, U Shwe Khin, a rice mill owner, called him back and entrusted him with the management of his rice mill. At that time, U Bo Nga was 30 years old. At the age of 35, U Bo Nga married Daw Nan Thaung.

U Thant was born in 1909, a year after U Boe Nin and Daw Nan Thaung got married. At that time, U Boe Nin was 36 years old and Daw Nan Thaung was 26 years old.

U Thant was not given a name until he was 2 years old. His parents and relatives only gave him nicknames that they affectionately called him.

In 1911, the Thuriya Newspaper Limited was established and Thuriya Newspaper was started to be published in Myanmar. At that time, U Bo Nga invested exactly two hundred kyats in the Thuriya Newspaper Limited at 1, (ten kyats) per unit. Therefore, the Thuriya Newspaper was immediately sent to U Bo Nga's house by post. At that time, the famous story of Min Laung Maung Thant from Myin Mun, who was popular in Myanmar, was published in Thuriya Newspaper.

It was also extensively written about in the newspapers, such as "Min Laung Poe, Maung Thant", etc.

U Bo Nin and Daw Nan Thaung, who read the news of Min Laung Maung Thant in the Thuriya newspaper, were shocked to see their beloved firstborn son.

Since he was also a son of the Sundanese, they called him Maung Thant. They thought that the name Maung Thant was very appropriate for a son with a straight nose and fair skin. Regarding the name Maung Thant, I think you should know about Min Laung Maung Thant. I would like to tell you a little bit.

Minlaung Maung Thant rebelled against the British government in 1910 from Myinmu, Sagaing District. His rebellion was unsuccessful. He was eventually captured by the British government along with some of his followers.

A large group of soldiers were captured along with Minlaung Maung Thant. Of these, 43 were identified and prosecuted.

The rebels, Min Laung Maung Thant and four of his followers, were sentenced to death for rebellion. 25 were sentenced to life imprisonment. 2 were released without charge. 2 died in prison. The rest were sentenced to hard labor and imprisonment. Min Laung

Even though Maung Thant was captured, the Burmese people still remembered and respected him as a rebel against the British colonialists.

When Maung Thant was 5 years old, his parents, U Boe Nga and Daw Nan Thaung, sent him to study at the Burmese school of U Ba Han, a teacher not far from home.

In those days, Burmese school principals would often perform fortune telling on students who came to their schools to study. School principals were more or less familiar with fortune telling.

When Maung Thant's mother, Daw Nan Thaung, personally sent him to school, Master U Ba Han took a blackboard and a pen from a young student.

He pulled the stone away for a moment and calculated Maung Thant's fortune.

U Ba Han said, “Daw Nan Thaung... your son’s horoscope is not a gloomy one. He will be a brilliant and world-famous person. Please take care of him and raise him.”

Maung Thant worked hard at his studies. He had the habit of memorizing his studies regularly since kindergarten. Maung Thant passed kindergarten and was able to enter first grade the following year.

At that time, the YMBA Middle School of the Buddhist Youth Welfare Association was being established in Pantanaw. It was the first English-Burmese middle school in Pantanaw to teach English. At that time, it was also called Lokay Kyaung. When Maung Thant passed kindergarten and entered the first grade, his parents transferred him to the YMBA Middle School for his education. Maung Thant's father, U Boe Nga, himself a graduate of Hunter College in Calcutta, understood the benefits of teaching English. He knew that only by learning English could he navigate the world's knowledge. Therefore, Maung Thant was transferred to the YMBA English-medium middle school for his education.

Maung Thant was interested in learning and studying literature from a young age. He would pick up and read the English newspapers that his father used to read, as well as the local Burmese newspapers. At that time, English was a rare language among Burmese people. In addition, telegrams were always written in English. When neighbors would come to U Boe Nga to read the telegrams they received, Maung Thant would first read as much as he could and then translate them into Burmese.

When the parents saw their son's pursuit of literature and knowledge, they were overjoyed and smiled.

2. A child who is a literature enthusiast 

Maung Thant entered the fourth grade at the age of 9 and continued his education at YMBA Middle School. By that time, Maung Thant had already learned to read and study the leather-bound books in the library of his grandfather's house.

Maung Thant studied and memorized ancient Burmese literature, such as the Po Kavya and Maw Kun written by ancient Burmese poets, outside of school. In this way, Maung Thant had read and tasted the works of all the great poets in the history of Burmese literature, from the Maharatthasara and the Mahathilawansa to Nat Shin Naung, Nawaday Aale, Hlaing Theik Khaung Tin and Myawaddy Mingyi, Sale U Punya Nakh, and so on.

Maung Thant's house is a four-story house with a wooden roof, a wooden floor, and a tin roof. There are coconut trees and guava trees in front of the house. There is also a grove of palm trees in the courtyard.

In the evening, Maung Thant would lean against the guava tree near the gate of his house and inhale the fragrant scent of the flowers from the fragrant sapel bush, thinking that he would become a great writer when he grew up. While thinking like this, he would also think back to the ancient Burmese literature he had read. Among the romantic and nature-themed literature, Maung Thant liked the humorous literary works of Sale U Ponya. However, as he grew older and learned to think and observe, he came to appreciate the profound literary works of Shin Maharattha Shara, Shin Maha Thila Wansa, and Nat Shin Naung, Nawaday, and Myawaddy U Sa.

Maung Thant also had a special interest in drawing since he was a child. His passion for drawing gradually grew as he copied and redrawn the figures and paintings of various artists from the English-Burmese newspapers his father read. Maung Thant would sometimes practice drawing the school he was studying at, his house, and his younger siblings.

One of Maung Thant's unique habits during his childhood was his habit of not buying and eating snacks at school. This habit was a good habit that Maung Thant developed on his own, without any special instruction from his parents.

Maung Thant began reading the works of the great English writer Shakespeare and the famous detective writer Ko Hnin at the age of 12. He would rummage through his father's bookshelf and read the books he liked.

This was a help in Maung Thant's English reading and writing skills.

Maung Thant has had a passion for beautiful handwriting since he was a child. His slender fingers indicate that he is an artist with an artistic mind.

The beauty of handwriting is directly related to a person's character. A person with beautiful handwriting is always neat and precise in his clothes, in his studies, or in his speech. Even as a child, Maung Thant had a unique habit of writing neatly and beautifully.

His parents were landowners and machinery owners, and they loved their eldest son, Maung Thant, so they gave him a lot of money for his meal. Maung Thant did not use the money he was given. He ate lunch at noon.

After school, he would quickly return home and eat lunch.

After the Rangoon University strike in 1920, national schools sprang up all over Burma. In Pantanaw, the National High School was established in 1921 through the efforts of prominent political leaders such as U Bo Thant and U Tun Win.

In 1922, Maung Thant transferred to the National High School after completing the seventh grade at YMBA Middle School.

At the age of 14, Maung Thant was ordained with his brothers according to Buddhist tradition. Those who took the robe with Maung Thant were Maung Khant and Maung Thaung. At that time, the youngest brother, Maung Tin Maung, was still young and did not take the robe with his brothers.

The monastery where Maung Thant and his family lived was Tada U Monastery in western Pantanaw. Tada U Monastery was the monastery where Sayadaw U Ottama, who was worshipped by Maung Thant's parents, U Boe Nin and Daw Nan Thaung, resided.

The monastery is spacious and clean, with bamboo trees and shrubs, making it very pleasant and beautiful. The whole town of Pantanaw has a special respect for Sayadaw U Uttama. Because of Sayadaw U Uttama's virtue, integrity, and wisdom, the people of the town have a special respect for U Uttama.

U Boe and Daw Nan Thaung are the four sources of blessings of Sayadaw U Ottama.

The wedding of Maung Thant and his two brothers was the most grand wedding in Pantanaw town. Maung Thant's parents, U Bo Nga and Daw Nan Thaung, were farmers, so many families from the villages around Pantanaw came to the wedding. Although U Bo Nga was a landowner and machine owner, he was a devout Buddhist, so he dealt with the farmers and the poor in matters of money and rice crops, and he was very careful about money matters. He was also very kind to people. Therefore, Maung Thant's wedding was very crowded with relatives and friends from the city and the surrounding area.

Maung Thant and his two brothers were in the habit of wearing robes for a week. During the seven days that Maung Thant was in the habit of wearing robes, he and his two brothers went out to beg for alms in the morning to their relatives and friends in the city. When Maung Thant and his brothers returned from the alms, their hearts were full of joy. They had given their brothers so much devotion.

Maung Thant's appearance matched the robe very beautifully. He had fair skin, a chiseled figure, and clear eyes.

The strong and sturdy posture, combined with the yellow robes, makes him look very respectable.

While living in the monastery for a week, Maung Thant did not mingle with other Koyin students and was not happy or laughing. He studied Pali literature with the Sayadaw. Other Koyin students

The students and the school's elders worked together day and night. Thus, on the seventh day, Maung Thant and his three brothers went out to the streets.

Maung Thant's father, U Boe Nga, was a very loving and generous man. If his children wanted to eat, he would buy them anything.

I am satisfied. Because they are economically developed, Maung Thant did not have to live in poverty as a child.

U Boe Nga was a modern intellectual, and he ate the best food at home, and he only fed his children bread and drinks from abroad.

"The famous Huntley and Palma biscuits of that era were available in every home that enjoyed fine dining. Maung Thant's house also always bought these biscuits."

However... Maung Thant and his brothers preferred Burmese breads over foreign breads. They were very fond of Burmese breads, such as green bread and flatbread. Their mother used to make breads for her children at home.

U Bo-sin liked to eat and drink well. He had many disciples and many servants.

But if there is food he wants to eat, he is content to cook it himself.

U Boe Sing is a good cook. He enjoys cooking for his sons himself. On his days off and on special occasions, U Boe Sing often prepares the meals for the family's special dinner.

The coconut rice, chicken and mutton dishes that U Bo Ng cooked himself were very tasty. When he saw his four sons and his wife enjoying their meals, U Bo Ng was very pleased.

U Bo Nga's wife, Daw Nan Thaung, was a lifelong donor of beef. Daw Nan Thaung was in her early teens when U Nga arrived in Pantanaw in 1260. The teacher

He preached that cows are the lifeblood of people and asked for donations to stop eating beef. Daw Nan Thaung, a young woman, followed the teachings of the monk and donated to the monk to stop eating beef for the rest of her life.

Knowing that U Boe Nga really liked beef and fish, Daw Nan Thaung had to cook and serve him the beef that her husband liked. Daw Nan Thaung still doesn't eat beef to this day.

At that time, U Bo and Daw Nan Thaung had two maids in their house. However, Daw Nan Thaung did not leave all the household chores to the maids. She did all the household chores herself.

She is also a good wife who is satisfied with her work.

When Maung Thant and I were students, a brilliant boy appeared in Pantanaw. The head monk of the Yun Kyaung School in Pantanaw was Sayadaw U Rajinda Thaw. About 6 years after Sayadaw U Rajinda passed away, a 5-year-old Dhamma teacher named Maung Tun Kyaing was born in Pantanaw.

A young, unique man named appeared. It was 1921.

"He is only 5 years old. He can carry the three Buddhist scriptures as an arhat." All the people of Pantanaw town used to talk about this news with great care. According to the people of the town, Maung Htun Kyaing passed away.

He was a reincarnation of the venerable Sayadaw U Rajinda, so he could perform the agon without having to study the three Pitakas. Maung Tun Kyaing was also unusual. He did not read scriptures straight, but read them upside down. He was proficient without having to study the scriptures.

Maung Thant was particularly impressed by the wisdom of Maung Tun Kyaing, a 5-year-old boy who was a famous religious teacher in his town. When he heard people talking about Maung Tun Kyaing's wisdom, he decided to become a scholar himself.

When Maung Thant was 14 years old, his father, U Boe Nga, died of a 96-year-old illness. U Boe Nga

Although Maung Thant's family was greatly weakened by his death, there was nothing to worry about as they continued their journey in life. U Boe Nga left Maung Thant and his family everything they had, from houses, farms, and farmland, so that they would not suffer financially.