University Grandmaster - Mongol Emperor Genghis Khan

Gobi Desert

The northern part of the Gobi Desert is surrounded by high mountains that reach almost to the sky. The wind blows hard on the highlands. There are many lakes in these lands, densely covered with dense vegetation. Birds flying to the Arctic tundra rest on these lakes. The largest of these lakes is the “Great Lake of the Crossings”. On a clear winter night, the northern lights shine brightly in high and low bands.

The climate in that region is very harsh. You can hardly see a tree in any direction. You can only see green grass near the rivers and streams. The rest of the region is covered with sand dunes. In the middle of summer, terrible storms occur. Thunderstorms and lightning often accompany the storms. Then snow also comes. The snow is so thick that it blocks the road. Snowstorms also occur. During a snowstorm, the wind is so strong that people are not only shivering with cold, but they cannot stand up. They have to lie down on the ground. When the snow stops, hail falls. When the rain, wind, and snow stop, the heat is unbearable.

The weather is so harsh. Extremely cold weather. Extremely hot weather. Storms, lightning, hail, the most affected area. That area is where the Mongols live.

This is what the Gobi Desert was like in 1162 AD, the year of the Pig in the Mongol calendar of twelve animals.

Mongolian children born in this region are born with a natural and natural constitution. Born in a harsh climate, they are able to withstand the harsh weather. From the time the children are weaned from their mothers and can drink horse milk, mothers do not hold their children close to their breasts, do not hug them, and do not tease them. They leave them alone to endure hardship and grow up on their own.

According to Mongol custom, in a family tent, the place closest to the fire is for the brave warriors. A little further to the left of the fire is for the women. The men, children, and girls are allowed to live in more modest places.

When the rains began and the horses and cows were milking, the Mongols had enough to eat. Even the sheep were grazing. The game and prey were abundant. The hunters from the clans shot and brought back deer and bears. They ate the skinny foxes and the skinny snakes and the skinny cubs, and they ate them until they were fat. All the meat they could find was put into the family pot. The young and old ate the first bite. Then the old, the chiefs and the women ate. The children ate the leftovers. The families ate the meat so greedily that there was hardly any left for the dogs.

In winter, the cows are also thin, so the children are malnourished. They only drink fermented milk for children. For children of three or four years old, fermented milk is enough. But it is a little bit drunk. Since meat is also scarce, it is a time when adults have to boil corn, lu, and saat and drink it.

At the end of winter, food was very scarce for the Mongols. At that time, groups of Mongols would raid other groups that had stored food. They would also take cattle and horses. Even children would form groups and go hunting. They would beat dogs and rats with clubs and shoot them with muskets. Children would even ride sheep by the horns. They would go hunting on the sheep.

Genghis Khan's first ancestral legacy was the ability to endure hardship and hardship. Genghis Khan's first name was "Temujin". It means iron. When Temujin was born, his father was on a raid against another tribe. When he returned from defeating that tribe, he captured the leader of that tribe, Temujin. When he returned home and found a son, he named him Temujin.

The tent in which Temujin was born was called a tent. In Mongolian, it is called a “yat”. It is made of wooden poles and covered with soft leather. There is a hole in the roof of the tent. The smoke from the fire is released through this hole. The tent is painted with white lime. The white lime is decorated with pictures. When moving from one place to another, the tent is moved on a cart pulled by a dozen or more oxen. The tent is curved, so it can withstand strong winds. At the end of the journey or at a stopover, the tent can be removed from the cart and set up on the ground.

The Mongols were not a sedentary people. They moved from place to place, searching for water and grass, and Mugin was a young man who had been lame since birth. When they traveled, one of Temujin's sisters would drive the cart. The other sisters would watch the stove in the hut and make sure the smoke was coming out of the chimney. When they drove the cart over the grasslands and the hills, the sound of the wheels would make a loud noise.

In this way, Temujin grew up. Even at a young age, Temujin, like other boys, had to help his family with many tasks. He fished in the small rivers and streams that came along the way of the caravan. When they moved from the summer pastures to the winter pastures, Temujin and his family herded their horses. They searched for lost horses. They searched for new and good pastures. They always kept an eye on the ground, on the mountain peaks, and along the edges of the forest, looking for raiders from other groups. Sometimes, almost every night, they would sit in the cold snow without a fire and wait until dawn. Due to the demands of life, they sometimes patrolled for days without food or water. Sometimes they patrolled for three or four days without food or water. Sometimes they patrolled for three or four days without food or water.

When the family pot was filled with sheep and horses, Temujin and his men would eat whatever they were hungry for, and they would eat it to their hearts' content. At that time, horse races were held twenty miles apart in the grasslands. When the horse races were not held, they would hold fierce wrestling matches in which they would fight each other to the point of breaking each other's bones.

Temujin was physically strong and muscular for his age. He was not only skilled in swordsmanship but also in archery. He was the "Zaw Tiq" among wrestlers. He was not only skilled in wrestling, but also very skilled in handling arrows. However, he was not the best at archery. His brother "Kat Tiq" was better than him. Many called Kat Tiq "the master of the bow."

Temujin and his brother's skill and courage were a reliable force within their group, but they were careful not to lose sight of external dangers and to remain constantly prepared.

The external threat was a threat that Temujin's father had set up. Temujin's mother, Holun, was a beautiful woman. When her mother was a young woman, her clan was holding a wedding ceremony to escort a bride to her groom's tent. When Temujin's father attacked the clan and stole Holun. Holun was a cunning and calculating woman, so after a few moments of sobs, she complied with Temujin's father's wishes. The relatives living in Temujin's clan expected that Holun would one day come and attack. Temujin's clan knew this expectation. Therefore, they were always aware of this external threat.

When Temujin's group camped in large wagons, they would pile up cow dung and burn it at night, then make a fire near the large bonfire. At that time, old men, who played a stringed violin, would ride from one wagon to another and entertain. These old men would sing songs to the tune of the violin, telling stories of their ancestors and heroes in a lively and lively manner.

From the songs of these singers, it is learned that Temujin came from a blue-eyed tribe. It is also heard that one of his vassals once pulled out the beard of the emperor of the Khattai kingdom and killed him. It is also noted that this vassal, "Kabu Khan", was poisoned by an enemy. It is also noted that "Togru Khan" of the Karaites was his father's blood brother. It is also said that he was the most valuable person among the nomadic tribes living in the Gobi Desert.

Temujin believed in his own strength and power. He also believed that his lineage was worthy of being a leader. Wasn't he the son of the "Ye Zarni Yesukai"? Wasn't he the son of the great Mongol "Yak Khan"? Wasn't he the son of the great Mongol, the lord of forty thousand tents? Wasn't he the son of the great Mongol, the lord of forty thousand tents?

The old men were great scholars who knew the world well, so they sang to Temujin.

“My dear, the area where we live is not even a hundredth of the size of the land of the Khatays. The reason we can live in peace with the Khatays is that we sell our products in the country. Our military skills are not inferior to our experience. That is why we are not insulted. Our culture is not because of the big cities. We will not grow up. We will become weak and weak. A man can only be a good man if he is cruel and has a lot of fighting spirit.”

Temujin always listened to the advice of his elders. He was determined to become a good man. However, his age, his maturity, and his experience were limited to the Mongol realm. His vision was not broad.

When Temujin reached adolescence, his father assigned him to be a horseman. He rode with his father and worked in the fields. Temujin's physical appearance was impressive. His body was strong and strong. He was tall. His shoulders were broad. His skin was fair. His eyes were round and bright under his great forehead. The color of those round and bright eyes was also blue, which made him even more impressive. His long, reddish hair was neatly braided and tied neatly on his back. This physical appearance was not impressive. His behavior and speech were upright. He was open and honest. He spoke few words. He usually thought about each word before speaking.

Because of these qualities, he was loved and cherished. He was loved by many people.

One day, while traveling, the father and son were at dusk, and they asked permission to stay for the night at the tent of a stranger. The owner of the tent was a Mongol warrior, and he treated Temujin and his son and father with hospitality.

Temujin caught sight of a girl he found in a tent. He insisted on telling his father that he wanted to take her as his wife. The father also knew about his son.

"The girl is still young," he forbade. Temujin did not give in.

"He'll grow up and become an adult. Then he'll be okay with me."

He replied.

Temujin's father looked at the girl. The girl was only nine years old. She was beautiful and graceful. Her name, "Bao-tae," reminded him of Temujin's ancestors. It meant the blue-eyed race. Temujin's father was very fond of his daughter-in-law, but he pretended to be...

"The girl is young and beautiful, but if you like her, she will not disappear under your eyes and will still look at you softly."

Temujin was pleased with his father's permission...

"Father, you are not bad-looking either. Your face is clear. Your eyes are shining."

"I'm sorry."

The Mongol family in the tent also agreed with the father and son's words, and became even more friendly towards the honest son-in-law.

The next day, Temujin's father, in accordance with Mongol custom, performed the wedding ceremonies, paid the bride price, and set off on his journey. Temujin was left in the tent to become more familiar with his bride and his father-in-law.

A few days later, a Mongol horseman, exhausted and exhausted, arrived at Temujin's place. Temujin's father was dying in a hut. He said that he wanted to see Temujin and called him. When Temujin heard the news, he immediately jumped on his horse and galloped as fast as he could. But he was too late. His father had already died from poison at the hands of his enemies.

Temujin, who had been expecting and guarding against the external threat, had almost forgotten it and had responded with cunning. Temujin, who was only thirteen years old, was born to face the world.

When news of Temujin's father's death spread, the chieftains who had taken refuge in the group called an emergency meeting to discuss the future.

"The deep waters have broken. The jade rocks have broken and flowed away. We are helpless. Where will we go with a woman and her children leading us? We must move to a master we can trust and rely on."

As agreed, about two-thirds of Temujin's group, along with their families, cattle, horses, and tents, set out to find a new leader.

Temujin's mother, waving her husband's nine-tailed flag, spurred her horse after the departing men, pleading with them to turn back into the group. However, only a few of the family members returned with difficulty.

Temujin, riding a white horse, succeeded his father as the first Mongol khan, in the Mongol tradition. He succeeded as khan, but he had only a small army, not much more than a small army. Other rival groups were in danger of attacking and suppressing Temujin.

He was not tall enough, he had few followers, he was disorganized within the group, he was afraid that the enemy would attack him at any time, and he was worried that he was not tall enough to match the size of the Mongols' Khan Temujin.